In the refrigeration system, the evaporator, condenser, compressor and throttle valve are the four essential parts of the refrigeration system. Among them, the evaporator is the equipment for delivering cold. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cooled object to achieve refrigeration. The compressor is the heart, which plays the role of sucking, compressing and delivering refrigerant vapor. The condenser is a device that releases heat, and transfers the heat absorbed in the evaporator together with the heat converted by the compressor work to the cooling medium. The throttle valve plays a throttling and pressure reduction role on the refrigerant, and at the same time controls and adjusts the amount of refrigerant liquid flowing into the evaporator, and divides the system into two parts: the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side. In the actual refrigeration system, in addition to the above four major parts, there are often some auxiliary equipment, such as solenoid valves, distributors, dryers, collectors, fusible plugs, pressure controllers and other components, which are set to improve the economy, reliability and safety of operation.
Air conditioners can be divided into water-cooled and air-cooled types according to the condensation form, and can be divided into single cooling type and cooling and heating type according to the purpose of use. Regardless of which type of composition, it is composed of the following main components.
The necessity of the condenser is based on the second law of thermodynamics. According to the second law of thermodynamics, the spontaneous flow direction of heat energy inside a closed system is unidirectional, that is, it can only flow from high heat to low heat. In the microscopic world, the microscopic particles that carry heat energy can only change from order to disorder. Therefore, when a heat engine has energy input to do work, energy must also be released downstream, so that there will be a heat energy gap between the upstream and downstream, the flow of heat energy will become possible, and the cycle will continue.
Therefore, if you want the carrier to do work again, you must first release the heat energy that has not been completely released. At this time, a condenser is needed. If the surrounding heat energy is higher than the temperature in the condenser, in order to cool the condenser, you must do work artificially (generally using a compressor). The condensed fluid returns to a state of high order and low heat energy and can do work again.
The selection of the condenser includes the selection of the form and model, and determines the flow and resistance of the cooling water or air flowing through the condenser. The selection of condenser type should take into account the local water source, water temperature, climate conditions, the total cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and the layout requirements of the refrigeration room. On the premise of determining the condenser type, the heat transfer area of the condenser is calculated based on the condensing load and the heat load per unit area of the condenser, so as to select the specific condenser model.